IB catalogue 2026 FINAL - Flipbook - Page 18
INDIVIDUALS & SOCIETIES
Access to History for the IB Diploma
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Prescribed subjects
The Move to Global War • 9781471839320
Rights and Protest • 9781471839313
World history topics
Authoritarian States • 9781471839306
Causes and Effects of 20th Century Wars • 9781471841347
The Cold War: Superpower Tensions and Rivalries • 9781471839290
HL Option 2: History of the Americas
Civil Rights and Social Movements in the Americas Post-1945 • 9781471841316
Emergence of the Americas in Global Affairs 1880–1929 • 9781444182286
The Great Depression and the Americas 1929–1939 • 9781444156539
The Second World War and the Americas 1933–1945 • 9781471841286
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The Move to Global War • 9781398370623
Rights and Protest • 9781398370609
Independence Movements • 9781398370593
World history topics
Authoritarian States • 9781398370579
Causes and Effects of 20th-Century Wars • 9781398370586
The Cold War: Superpower Tensions and Rivalries • 9781398370616
1
UNDERSTAND
Charismatic leadership
Consolidation
arian states
Overview of authorit
Look inside
states. In this book we
wide range of authoritarian
saw the emergence of a
The twentieth century
under the following leaders:
of authoritarian states
will review five case studies
l Fidel Castro
l Joseph Stalin
l Juan Perón.
l Adolf Hitler
l Mao Zedong
study at least three
Paper 2 examination you
draw
in preparation for your
is helpful to be able to
it
so
states
It is recommended that
compare
to
questions may ask you
on three areas, which will
authoritarian states. Some
on Paper 2 are focused
studies. Essay questions
ideas from different case
be explained below.
Foreign policy
Ideology
Legal methods
Minorities
Social division
HISTORICAL
Methods used
Overview of
authoritarian
once an authoritar
Often political
ian state has been
measures to establish
created
writing constitutio
and maintain
power through
ns
the use of laws.
Refers to discontent
These could include
or inequality in
society
A set of guiding
ideas that are
used by individual
Policy measures
s and political
outside a state
parties. This includes
including alliances,
fascism
Method used
trade deals and
to ensure conformity
military engageme
personalit y
to the rule of a
nts
leader. This often
involves the developm
Groups in societies
ent of a cult of
that are not dominant.
authoritarian states.
For example, religiousThey may experience repression
or more inequality
groups and different
under specific
ethnic groups
CONCEPTS
8
97815104323
18/05/2018 12:49
69_ATHIB_A
uthoritarian States-SRG.i
ndb 9
15
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states
to secure power
authoritarian states
Studying for this A useful tool for understa
states to come into existence.
nding the case
the habit of thinking
studies on authorita
factors that allowed these
about historical
and methods.
This section explores the
analytical skills.
rian states is
concepts when
importance of conditions
the use of
Concepts are
you engage
referred to in
should focus on the relative
your writing.
aided the creation and
with the content, historical concepts. If you
the rubric for
The concepts
country that may have
can get into
it will help you
the Paper 2 essays,
are listed below:
an important the study of
existing situation in the
to develop
History. Below
have a go at
economic depression played
so you should
Conditions refer to the
writing what
are some notes
activity.
state. For example, the
definitely engage your ideas and
as follows:
you understa
on the concepts
with them
establishment of an authoritarianrise to power. The conditions identified are
nd about these
which you could
his
in
concepts in relation in
Hitler
Adolf
Historical concepts
have a look at
role in aiding
to
when you have
:
l social division
completed the
l change
l economic factors
l impact of war.
system
political
existing
techniques
l continuit
l weakness of the
y
party to gain power. These
l causality
used by a leader and political
l perspecti
actively involved in the
ves
were
they
Methods refer to the techniques
that
l
consequence
factors that suggest
important to his
are the direct and controllable example, Mao Zedong’s ideological position was
l significan
For
ce.
Change A broad
establishment of their state.
identified are as follows:
concept within
history, this concept
popular appeal. The methods
the types of change
coercion
l persuasion and
is used regularly.
that might occur
When
within
leaders
economic
thinking
of
role
an authoritarian
l
l propaganda.
about change,
or political change.
state as a result
you could consider
When evaluating
l ideology
of policies. Examples
, think about whether
Continu ity An
include social,
underused, but
the implemented
l force
state that you are
useful concept.
change was successf
same despite a
authoritarian or single-party
should
For this concept
governmental
ul or not.
that depending on the
writing your essay you
we can consider
system trying
It is important to note
of significance. When
to
the lack of change.
to bring about
could be explored
contributedgender
will have differing levels
a new direction
conditions and methods
What stayed the
through this concept.
studying, these factors
in policy? For
that considers how certain
Perspectives
example, attitudes
be able to develop an argument states.
An essential part
towards
of historical investigat
situation or
the emergence of authoritarian
ion is to consider
of power to power event. An example could be looking
what perspecti
at the importanc
of an authorita
ion and maintenance consolidated and
ves might exist
consolidat
the
rian
e
for
on a certain
of
state.
be
existing
to
Perspectives can
n■ Methods
conditions versus
including historians
methods used for power
also include the
methods used
, people from the
are concerned with the
the immediate steps
views of different
for the rise
time and your
Questions in this section
Consolidation refers to
up
agents in the process
Causalit
own interpreta
and setting
the authoritarian’s rule.
groups
y
throughout
Causality
opposition
tions.
then maintained
of history,
is the bread and
borders, removing
use when
reasons why somethin
butter of analytica
might include securing
of power is a term we can
to secure power, so this
l writing. This
g happened. Can
The
running of the state. Maintenance throughout the regime’s rule. What
refers
the
for
to
you
developin
structures
consider
were
political
their motivatio
of the state
g an understan
the reasons why
ns? Causality
ding of the
used to keep the authority
a leader introduce
are as follows:
is thinking about
looking at the methods
maintenance of power
d specific economic
Consequence
why something
the consolidation and
This concept explores
policies?
happened or changed.
methods identified for
the consequences
the effects of
l propaganda
something that
of propaganda
of foreign policy
has taken place.
or the treatmen
l legal methods
l success and failure
categorized in
In authoritarian
t
of
different
oppositio
opposition.
of
ways, such as
n parties. What
states this might
l force
l extent and treatment
short-term and
were the effects?
be
Significance
long-term effects
Consequence
l charismatic leadership
We use significan
can also be
or cultural and
ce when consideri
social conseque
For example, when
ng importance
nces.
considering foreign
and it is very useful
of domestic policies
political
power?
policy, what was
of social, economic,
n■ Aims and results
Could it be compared
for developing
the significance
policy through the lens
historical argument
to other factors
exploration of domestic
of these policies
be used as evidence for
s.
that may have
The final section is an
some of the policies can
towards the maintena
Plans are
had more or less
is important to note that
nce of
For example, Stalin’s Five-Year also has
impact?
and cultural policies. It
and maintenance of power.
This section
the section on consolidation
for controlling the USSR.
the state. Finally,
policy but also a method
and minority groups within
an example of a domestic
and treatment of women
status
the
on
focus
a specific
had achieved.
what authoritarian rule
you should also consider
of
n■ The emergence
View free sample
material from
Access to History:
Authoritarian States
ING TERMINOLOG
Here is a quick
Y
activity to reflect
states. Simply
on your understan
match up the
ding of the different
terms to their
sections that
definitions.
you might write
Term
about on authorita
Definition
rian
Authoritarian states
9
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